Table 1 Completely sequenced archaeal genomes
From: Comparative genomics of archaea: how much have we learned in six years, and what's next?
Species | Abbreviation | Optimal growth temperature (°C) | Lifestyle and other features | Number of proteins* | Number (%) proteins in COGs | Date of genome release | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Euryarchaeota | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Archaeoglobus fulgidus DSM | Afu | 83 | Anaerobic, sulfate-reducing chemolito- or chemorgano-autotroph, motile | 2,420 | 1,953 (81%) | 1997 | [124] |
Halobacterium sp. NRC-1 | Hsp | 37 | Aerobic chemorganotroph, obligate halophile, with a cell envelope; motile; two extrachromosomal elements | 2,622 | 1,809 (69%) | 2000 | [125] |
Methanocaldococcus jannaschii | Mja | 85 | Chemolitoautotroph, strict anaerobe, methanogen, motile; two extrachromosomal elements | 1,758 | 1,448 (82%) | 1996 | [27] |
Methanopyrus kandleri AV19 | Mka | 110 | Chemolitoautotroph, strict anaerobe, methanogen, with high cellular salt concentration | 1,691 | 1,253 (74%) | 2002 | [45] |
Methanosarcina acetivorans C2A | Mac | 37 | Chemolitoautotroph, anaerobe possibly capable of aerobic growth; nitrogen-fixing, versatile methanogen; motile, and able to form multicellular structures | 4,540 | 3,142 (69%) | 2002 | [55] |
Methanosarcina mazei Goe1 | Mma | 37 | As for Mac | 3,371 | N/A | 2002 | [54] |
Methanothermobacter thermoautotrophicus delta H | Mth | 65 | Chemolitoautotroph, strict anaerobe, nitrogen-fixing, methanogen | 1,873 | 1,500 (80%) | 1997 | [126] |
Pyrococcus horikoshii | Pho | 96 | Anaerobic heterotroph, sulfur enhances growth; motile | 1,801 | 1,425 (79%) | 1998 | [127] |
Pyrococcus abyssi | Pab | 96 | As for Pho | 1,769 | 1,506 (85%) | 2001 | [128] |
Pyrococcus furiosus DSM 3638 | Pfu | 96 | As for Pho | 2,065 | N/A | 2001 | [129] |
Thermoplasma acidophilum | Tac | 59 | Facultative anaerobe, chemorganotroph, thermoacidophilic, anaerobically able to metabolize sulfur; motile, with a plasma membrane | 1,482 | 1,261 (85%) | 2000 | [96] |
Thermoplasma volcanium | Tvo | 60 | As for Tac | 1,499 | 1,277 (85%) | 2000 | [130] |
Crenarchaeota | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
Pyrobaculum aerophilum | Pae | 100 | Facultative nitrate-reducing anaerobe | 1,840 | 1,236 (67%) | 2002 | [131] |
Aeropyrum pernix | Ape | 90 | Aerobic chemorganotroph; sulfur enhances growth | 2,605 | 1,529 (59%) | 1999 | [132] |
Sulfolobus solfataricus | Sso | 80 | Aerobe metabolizing sulfur; thermo-acidophilic chemorganotroph; motile | 2,977 | 2,207 (74%) | 2001 | [97] |
Sulfolobus tokodaii | Sto | 80 | As for Sso | 2,826 | N/A | 2001 | [133] |