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Figure 3 | Genome Biology

Figure 3

From: Functional and phylogenetic analysis of the ubiquitylation system in Caenorhabditis elegans: ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes, ubiquitin-activating enzymes, and ubiquitin-like proteins

Figure 3

RNAi phenotypes of C. elegans ubc and related genes. Nematodes were treated with RNAi by the feeding method. (a) Reduced and bent tail spike produced by ubc-9 RNAi. (b) Curled and branched tail spike produced by ubc-12 RNAi. (c,d) ubc-14 RNAi produces a blunt and rounded tail region with a protrusion near or surrounding the anus. Both specimens are young larvae. (e) Normal alae on an untreated adult. (f) Branched alae (arrows) produced by ubc-9 RNAi on an adult specimen. (g) Irregular alae that diverge around a granular deposit induced by ubc-12 RNAi. (h) Typical morphologically abnormal L1 seen with ubc-9 RNAi. (i) Arrested embryogenesis produced by ubc-14 RNAi with advanced development of the pharynx. Most specimens treated with ubc-14 RNAi arrest at an earlier stage, without pharyngeal development. (j) Arrested embryogenesis produced by sumo RNAi. (k) Vulval eversion on sumo RNAi-treated young adult. (l) Everted vulva and egg-laying defect produced by uba-2 RNAi. The scale bars indicate 25 μm. Magnification: (a,b,k) ×400; (c-j) ×1,000; (l) ×200.

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Genome Biology

ISSN: 1474-760X

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