Table 1 Functions of hormone receptors in family B1
Gene name | Gene product | Ligand(s), with the name of the precursor gene in italics, where it is different | Principal functions controlled by the receptor |
|---|---|---|---|
SCTR | Secretin receptor | Secretin (SCT) | Secretion of HCO3-, enzymes, and K+ by the pancreas [41] |
VIPR1 | VPAC1 receptor | VIP, PACAP (ADCYAP1) | Neuromodulation, T-cell differentiation |
VIPR2 | VPAC2 receptor | VIP, PACAP (ADCYAP1) | Circadian rhythms [42] |
ADCYAP1R1 | PAC1 receptor | PACAP (ADCYAP1) | Glucose homeostasis, nociception, learning and memory, circadian rhythms [29-33] |
GCGR | Glucagon receptor | Glucagon (GCG) | Hepatic glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis, pancreatic secretion of insulin [41] |
GHRHR | Growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor | GHRH | Release of pituitary growth hormone [41] |
GLP1R | Glucagon-related peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor | GLP-1 (GCG) | Pancreatic secretion of insulin and glucagon [41] |
GLP2R | Glucagon-related peptide 2 (GLP-2) receptor | GLP-2 (GCG) | Proliferation of intestinal mucosal villus epithelium [41] |
GIPR | Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) receptor | GIP | Pancreatic secretion of insulin [41] |
CRHR1 | corticotropin releasing factor 1 (CRF1) receptor | CRF (CRH), urocortin (UCN) | Secretion of ACTH [21] |
CRHR2 | Corticotropin releasing factor 2 (CRF2) receptor | Urocortin (UCN), urocortin II, urocortin III, perhaps CRF (CRH) | Stress-related autonomic, neuroendocrine, and behavioral function [21] |
PTHR1 | Parathyroid hormone 1 (PTH1) receptor | Parathyroid hormone, PTH-related peptide (PTHLH) | Calcium homeostasis in bone and kidney; skeletal, pancreatic, epidermal and mammary gland differentiation [43,44] |
PTHR2 | Parathyroid hormone 2 (PTH2) receptor | TIP39 [22] | Unknown |
CALCRL | Calcitonin receptor-like receptor | Calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP: CALCA, CALCB)*; adrenomedullin†‡(ADM) | Vascular tone |
CALCR | Calcitonin receptor | Calcitonin†‡ (CALCA) amylin*‡ (IAPP) CGRP*(CALCA, CALCB) | Calcitonin: calcium homeostasis in bone and kidney; amylin: postprandial glucagon secretion, nutrient transit through the stomach |