Fig. 2

snATAC-seq detection of LOY. A UMAP of male and female kidney cell types PCT, proximal convoluted tubule; PST, proximal straight tubule; PT_VCAM1, VCAM1 + proximal tubule; PT_PROM1, PROM1 + proximal tubule; PEC, parietal epithelial cells; ATL, ascending thin limb; TAL1, cortical thick ascending limb; TAL2, medullary thick ascending limb; MD, macula densa; DCT1, early distal convoluted tubule; DCT2, late distal convoluted tubule; PC, principal cells; ICA, type A intercalated cells; ICB, type B intercalated cells; PODO, podocytes; ENDO, endothelial cells; FIB_VSMC_MC, fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle, and mesangial cells; LEUK—leukocytes. B ATAC modality LOY density plot in 47,458 male cells. C Median proportion LOY in male kidney cell types. D Log-fold-change transcription factor activity for LOY vs. XY in male kidney cell types for transcription factors with differential activity in at least two proximal tubule subpopulations. F GLMM for LOY in male kidney cell types