Fig. 4

Genes whose degree of expression dominance in trios correlates with hybrid performance. A Exemplary clusters of “positive-positive” (left), “negative-negative” (middle), and “quadratic-negative” (right) genes. Thick solid line: spline fitting of the cluster means; thin lines: spline fitting of individual cluster members. B Average biomass MPH (the amount that F₁ rosette size differs from that of corresponding parental mean) for rosette samples with low- vs. high- expression of genes in the same clusters as in A. Each violin depicts the distribution of cluster gene expression averaged across the top and the bottom (and the middle for the quadratic relationship) deciles of samples. C Pearson correlation coefficients (PCC) of all 61 clusters based on LMM-spline modeling. The clusters are further sorted into 12 classes labeled on the right according to the relationship between gene expression and biomass under mock or BTH treatment. D GO enrichment for genes from the negative cluster. The small plot shows the overall GO network structure, and the positional relationship of the two enlarged graphs of the sub-network (i and ii). E Regulatory regions of genes from both positive and negative clusters are enriched for a PCF binding motif. F De novo motif search confirmed enrichment of the PCF motif