Figure 1

Population branch statistic (PBS) across chromosome 19 in the Oromos population compared to both the Luhya (LWK) and European (CEU) populations. The red line represents a genome-wide 0.1% FDR. Three distinct regions exceed this cutoff, two of which are near the centromere and were thus not prioritized. The bottom panel shows the SNP frequency profile in the prioritized region for Oromos (blue) and LWK (brown, inverted). Genes with Drosophila orthologs (on which RNAi experiments were conducted) are shown in black below the frequency profiles. As can be seen, variant frequencies in this region are considerably higher in the highlanders than in a nearby lowlander population.