Figure 2

Loss of kinases in the lineage leading to Giardia. Sixty-seven kinase classes are shared between one of the three excavates Giardia, Trichomonas vaginalis and Leishmania major and at least two other major clades (unikonts, plants or chromalveolates). An additional 17 kinases are missing from all three excavates but found in at least two of the outgroups and may be excavate losses (giving a primordial kinome of 84 kinase classes) or later eukaryotic inventions if excavates were indeed the earliest-diverging lineage. Kinase classes are listed in Table 2.