Figure 2

Cdc42/Rac core effectors. Cdc42, Rac and their primary common conserved effectors are represented on shaded background. Rac-specific core effectors include NADPH oxidase and WAVE, while Cdc42-specific effectors include WASP. With the exception of Pak, all the effectors common to Rac and Cdc42 are involved only in actin reorganization. IQGAP and NADPH are the only effectors to act directly on actin or apoptosis (via ROS), with no secondary effectors required. MAPK pathways are shown in pink, actin polymerization pathways in yellow, and ROS pathways in blue.